De nuevo (y todavía) Polonia: "Rule of law" y art.7 TUE en el Parlamento Europeo y el Tribunal de Justicia
As one of the consequences of the protracted EU crisis aroused by the 2009 Great Recession —the deepest and the longest ever throughout the European process—, both the EU and its Member States have witnessed a growing concern about democratic backsliding and fundamental rights backlashes. Since both...
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2019
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| Source: | Teoría y realidad constitucional, ISSN 1139-5583, Nº 44, 2019, pags. 137-176 |
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Teoría y realidad constitucional, ISSN 1139-5583, Nº 44, 2019, pags. 137-176
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Poland
Rule of Law Structure Mechanism on Rule of Law Democracy Fundamental Rights art 7 TEU ECJ Case Law Polonia Estado de Derecho Resoluciones del PE Mecanismo estructurado del Estado de Derecho democracia derechos fundamentales art 7 TUE jurisprudencia del TJ |
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Poland
Rule of Law Structure Mechanism on Rule of Law Democracy Fundamental Rights art 7 TEU ECJ Case Law Polonia Estado de Derecho Resoluciones del PE Mecanismo estructurado del Estado de Derecho democracia derechos fundamentales art 7 TUE jurisprudencia del TJ López Aguilar, Juan Fernando De nuevo (y todavía) Polonia: "Rule of law" y art.7 TUE en el Parlamento Europeo y el Tribunal de Justicia |
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As one of the consequences of the protracted EU crisis aroused by the 2009 Great Recession —the deepest and the longest ever throughout the European process—, both the EU and its Member States have witnessed a growing concern about democratic backsliding and fundamental rights backlashes. Since both the Lisbon Treaty and the ECFR entered into force (December 2009, the EU Institutions have developed new strategies to reinforce and strengthen their ability to test Member States Law making standards as to their due respect to common constitutional values and principles, enshrined in art. 2 TEU («Copenhagen Criteria»). By doing that, they have unfolded as well new instruments to prevent, control and correct potential risk of backward steps at the Member States National level, be it via constitutional or via legal reforms. Hungary and Poland are paramount cases, in as much as they have called for: extrajudicial actions (Rule of Law Mechanism); infringement procedures by the Commission (art.258 TFEU), and EP Resolutions calling both the Commission and the Council to initiate art.7 TEU. This Paper examines recent developments in the sphere of Rule of Law, in view of extending its scope to a new Policy Cycle on Rule of Law, Democracy and Fundamental Rights, encompassing overall and regular scrutiny of all of the Member States by means of objective indicators, as a way to overcome the limits (and unlikely outcome) of the so-called «nuclear option» of art. 7 TEU. It builds on the proposal of linking access to EU Funds and budgetary benefits with full compliance with Rule of Law, Democracy and Rights EU standards. This Article focuses mainly on Poland. It adds to an overview and assessment of the latest ECJ rulings on Polish Judicial reforms led by the far conservative ruling Party (PiS), deemed to be incompatible with EU Law. It ends with conclusive remarks on the need on the need of making progress in the European path to multilayer constitutionalism and binding European Law above «national identity».
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Article
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| author |
López Aguilar, Juan Fernando
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| author_facet |
López Aguilar, Juan Fernando
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| author_sort |
López Aguilar, Juan Fernando
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| title |
De nuevo (y todavía) Polonia: "Rule of law" y art.7 TUE en el Parlamento Europeo y el Tribunal de Justicia
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| title_short |
De nuevo (y todavía) Polonia: "Rule of law" y art.7 TUE en el Parlamento Europeo y el Tribunal de Justicia
|
| title_full |
De nuevo (y todavía) Polonia: "Rule of law" y art.7 TUE en el Parlamento Europeo y el Tribunal de Justicia
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| title_fullStr |
De nuevo (y todavía) Polonia: "Rule of law" y art.7 TUE en el Parlamento Europeo y el Tribunal de Justicia
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| title_full_unstemmed |
De nuevo (y todavía) Polonia: "Rule of law" y art.7 TUE en el Parlamento Europeo y el Tribunal de Justicia
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| title_sort |
de nuevo (y todavía) polonia: "rule of law" y art.7 tue en el parlamento europeo y el tribunal de justicia
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| publishDate |
2019
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https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/oaiart?codigo=7144171
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1759585694270881792
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dialnet-ar-18-ART00013522442023-03-04De nuevo (y todavía) Polonia: "Rule of law" y art.7 TUE en el Parlamento Europeo y el Tribunal de JusticiaLópez Aguilar, Juan FernandoPolandRule of LawStructure Mechanism on Rule of LawDemocracyFundamental Rightsart7 TEUECJ Case LawPoloniaEstado de DerechoResoluciones del PEMecanismo estructurado del Estado de Derechodemocraciaderechos fundamentalesart7 TUEjurisprudencia del TJAs one of the consequences of the protracted EU crisis aroused by the 2009 Great Recession —the deepest and the longest ever throughout the European process—, both the EU and its Member States have witnessed a growing concern about democratic backsliding and fundamental rights backlashes. Since both the Lisbon Treaty and the ECFR entered into force (December 2009, the EU Institutions have developed new strategies to reinforce and strengthen their ability to test Member States Law making standards as to their due respect to common constitutional values and principles, enshrined in art. 2 TEU («Copenhagen Criteria»). By doing that, they have unfolded as well new instruments to prevent, control and correct potential risk of backward steps at the Member States National level, be it via constitutional or via legal reforms. Hungary and Poland are paramount cases, in as much as they have called for: extrajudicial actions (Rule of Law Mechanism); infringement procedures by the Commission (art.258 TFEU), and EP Resolutions calling both the Commission and the Council to initiate art.7 TEU. This Paper examines recent developments in the sphere of Rule of Law, in view of extending its scope to a new Policy Cycle on Rule of Law, Democracy and Fundamental Rights, encompassing overall and regular scrutiny of all of the Member States by means of objective indicators, as a way to overcome the limits (and unlikely outcome) of the so-called «nuclear option» of art. 7 TEU. It builds on the proposal of linking access to EU Funds and budgetary benefits with full compliance with Rule of Law, Democracy and Rights EU standards. This Article focuses mainly on Poland. It adds to an overview and assessment of the latest ECJ rulings on Polish Judicial reforms led by the far conservative ruling Party (PiS), deemed to be incompatible with EU Law. It ends with conclusive remarks on the need on the need of making progress in the European path to multilayer constitutionalism and binding European Law above «national identity».Como una de las consecuencias de la prolongada crisis de la UE que arrancó con la Gran Recesión desatada en 2009 —la más profunda y severa de la construcción europea a lo largo de su historia—, tanto el conjunto de la UE como sus EE.MM han visto crecer la preocupación sobre el deterioro democrático y los retrocesos en materia de protección de derechos. Desde la entrada en vigor del Tratado de Lisboa y la Carta de Derechos Fundamentales de la UE, diciembre de 2009, las instituciones europeas han diseñado y desarrollado estrategias para reforzar el examen de los niveles de respeto a los valores fundacionales y principios constitucionales comunes consagrados en el art.2 TUE («criterios de Copenague). Y para desarrollar instrumentos de prevención, control y corrección de retrocesos democráticos y en materia de derechos en eventuales reformas constitucionales y legales en los EE.MM. Los casos de Hungría y Polonia resultan paradigmáticos, en la medida en que han suscitado respuestas extraordinarias: entre ellas, la activación de mecanismos extrajudiciales (el «Mecanismo Estructurado del Estado de Derecho»); la incoación de acciones por incumplimiento del Derecho europeo por parte de la Comisión (art.258 TFUE); una serie Resoluciones del PE solicitando de la Comisión y el Consejo la activación de lo dispuesto en el art.7 TUE.; y, en el caso polaco, importantes decisiones jurisdiccionales del TJ. Este trabajo examina los recientes desarrollos en materia de Rule of Law y la extensión del instrumento actualmente disponible hacia un Mecanismo amplio de Estado de Derecho, democracia y derechos fundamentales. Este Mecanismo comprende —en un nuevo Policy Cycle— el escrutinio general, periódico y regular de la legislación de los EE.MM, apuntándose sanciones extrajudiciales previas a las de «botón nuclear» (de terminación improbable) del art.7 TUE: asi, la de vincular el acceso a Fondos europeos y presupuestarios de la UE al pleno respeto del Derecho y los derechos fundamentales. El artículo se centra singularmente en el examen a Polonia. Se completa el estudio con una exposición de las últimas decisiones del TJ en relación con las reformas judiciales llevadas a cabo por la mayoría absoluta del ultraconservador partido en el Gobierno polaco (Pis). Concluye con reflexiones sobre la necesidad de profundizar el carácter vinculante de la integración en un orden regido por el Derecho, en una singular experiencia de ciudadanía abierta a círculos concéntricos (constitucionalismo multinivel) frente a lecturas regresivas de la «identidad nacional».2019text (article)application/pdfhttps://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/oaiart?codigo=7144171(Revista) ISSN 1139-5583Teoría y realidad constitucional, ISSN 1139-5583, Nº 44, 2019, pags. 137-176spaLICENCIA DE USO: Los documentos a texto completo incluidos en Dialnet son de acceso libre y propiedad de sus autores y/o editores. Por tanto, cualquier acto de reproducción, distribución, comunicación pública y/o transformación total o parcial requiere el consentimiento expreso y escrito de aquéllos. Cualquier enlace al texto completo de estos documentos deberá hacerse a través de la URL oficial de éstos en Dialnet. 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